Rujukan Islam di Afrika

  1. Muslim Societies in African History (New Approaches to African History), David Robinson, Chapter 1.
  2. "Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation". The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity. Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 9 Ogos 2012. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 Mei 2020. Dicapai pada 4 September 2013.
  3. Robinson, David (2004). Muslim Societies in African History (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-53366-9. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 25 Februari 2017. Dicapai pada 26 Februari 2021.
  4. Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Book of the Year 2003. Encyclopædia Britannica, (2003) ISBN 9780852299562 p.306
    According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, as of mid-2002, there were 376,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. Ian S. Markham,(A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 1996.) Diarkibkan 12 November 2010 di Wayback Machine is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total population. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture. See Amadu Jacky Kaba. The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol 29, Number 2, June 2005. Discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedium, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed figure. Notes the figure presented at the World Christian Encyclopedia, summarized here Diarkibkan 5 Mac 2016 di Wayback Machine, as being an outlier. On rates of growth, Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest, see: The List: The World’s Fastest-Growing Religions Diarkibkan 1 Mei 2008 di Wayback Machine, Foreign Policy, Mei 2007.

Rujukan

WikiPedia: Islam di Afrika http://www.greenwoodsvillage.com/gor/islam.htm http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm http://www.africabib.org/islam.htm http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-musl... http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/... https://foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3... https://books.google.com/books?id=jZEL3kdcQggC https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/handle/1887/12922 https://web.archive.org/web/20200521075104/https:/... https://web.archive.org/web/20170225052647/https:/...